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</p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 1.刃脚制作</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 刃脚是使沉井下沉的重要部件，关系到沉井能否顺利切入土中，假如产生偏斜，将导致井壁开裂。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 在浇灌刃脚混凝土时应注意一下几点：</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ①刃脚利用防水混凝土浇筑。浇灌时应采用多点均匀对称浇灌或分层持续浇灌法。要求一次连续浇灌完，以免偏载产生不均匀沉陷。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ②刃脚部位钢筋密集，振捣艰苦，因此应恰当延伸振捣时光，保证质量，以免呈现蜂窝、麻面及裂纹，造成质量事故和漏水事故。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ③当混凝土强度大于设计强度的70%之后，才可拆除刃脚斜面支持和模板。浇灌时的其他注意事项及办法，居于防水混凝土施工雷同。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 当采取爆破法肃清刃脚下的障碍物时，刃脚也利用钢板包裹。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 小型沉井刃脚与井壁外缘已有2～3cm的空隙（台阶），以免下沉时产生悬吊，损坏沉井。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 大型沉井为减少下沉阻力，刃脚与井壁衔接处留有5～8cm的台阶，以便下沉进程中在井壁与土壁之间灌注膨润物触变泥浆。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 2.井壁制造</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 井壁是防止地下水渗透的重要防线，应依据地下水压的大小和井壁厚断定防水混凝土的抗渗等级。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 井壁采用分控制作（除高度不大的沉井外），在砂垫层上制作的沉井，第一节沉井壁的混凝土浇灌高度以1.5～2m为宜，以后每节的高度不超过8～10m。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 浇灌井壁混凝土时必须注意以下几点：</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ①第一节混凝土轻度达到设计强度的70%之后，方容许浇灌第二层混凝土。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ②每节沉井的混凝土应分层均匀浇灌，一次持续浇完。浇灌应沿着井壁四周对称进行，避免混凝土面高下相差悬殊，形成压力不匀而发生不均匀沉陷，使沉井断裂。但沉井有倾斜时，可在沉井偏高处浇捣，但高差不宜过大一般在400mm左右。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> ③混凝土当强度到达设计强度的75%～80%时方可拆模。其他注意事项与防水混凝土施工有关内容雷同。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 为进步混凝土沉井的防水性能，减少沉井下沉时的摩擦阻力，最好在混凝土沉井拆模后，在沉井的外壁做防水砂浆抹面。施工时要严厉依照防水抹面五层作法德请求抹压，表面必需压实抹得光滑平整，以减少摩擦力，使沉井能顺利下沉。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;"> 各段井壁接高的施工缝依照防水混凝土施工缝要求忍着处置。外井壁无防水抹面时，要将接缝处高低各200mm范畴内凿毛，冲刷清洁后作防水抹面，一进步接缝处的防水才能。有条件时，可在接缝处设置金属止水片或橡胶止水带或遇水膨胀止水条。</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"><br /> <br /> </span> </p> <div style="text-align:right;"> <span style="font-size:18px;color:#E56600;line-height:1.5;">中越水下工程有限公司工程管理中心</span><span style="line-height:1.5;"> </span> </div> <span style="line-height:1.5;"> <div class="Showpage"> <a 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